Perhaps nowhere are leaders more pivotal than in the extreme contexts of responding to the aftermath of natural disasters or orchestrating post-war stability support transition and reconstruction efforts. In the current study historiometric methods were employed in order to elucidate the aspects of leadership essential in these extreme contexts. These contexts were chosen for two reasons: (1) they capture the external networking required of many complex organizational tasks and (2) they are mission critical – the outcomes of leadership in these contexts are of great importance. One hundred and ten critical incidents were written describing instances of effective and ineffective interaction within these systems and 55 of them were classified as primarily describing leadership issues. Critical incidents were then sorted translated and retranslated in order to inductively derive a set of leader functions essential for orchestrating effort in mission critical multiteam contexts.